The Imperial War Museum: What happened during the Battle of the Somme?.The Imperial War Museum: What happened on the first day of the Battle of the Somme?.The Examiner UK: Why the Battle of the Somme was probably the worst ever British military disaster.First World War.com: Battles - The Battle of the Somme.National Army Museum: Battle of the Somme.Australian War Memorial: The Battle of the Somme 95 years on.: Why was the Battle of the Somme so deadly?. BBC: WWI - Why was the first day of the Battle of the Somme such a disaster?.Was Field Marshal Sir Douglas Haig a hero, or the 'Butcher of the Somme'? - From 'The First World War', by Andrew Wrenn.The Somme - From 'Heineman Outcomes History', by Robert Darlington and others.The Somme - From '1914-1918: The World at War', by Carolyn O'Brien and Alan Merritt.The Somme - From 'Evidence of War: The First World War Through Sources', by Anne McCallum.Merriam Webster Dictionary: Painful and intense fear, dread, or dismay An event causing great suffering, destruction, and distress, such as a serious accident, crime, or catastrophe.Ĭambridge Dictionary: An extremely strong feeling of fear and shock, or the frightening and shocking character of something.Ĭambridge Dictionary: An intense feeling of fear, shock, or disgust, or the frightening and shocking character of something.ĭ: A lamentable, dreadful, or fatal event or affair calamity disaster. In all, the British artillery fired 1.5 million shells in just four days. A thousand artillery pieces targeted a 25,000-yard stretch of the German line, the weapons ranging from trench mortars to 60-pounders and huge, 15-inch howitzers. Over the course of the campaign both sides fired artillery shells by the tons (the most destructive weapon on the Western Front eg Howitzer), unleashed streams of machine gun fire (German Spandau vs British Maxim), sprayed chemical weapons, fire flamethrowers, and British troops deployed tanks for the first time. Four days of heavy shelling preceded the British infantry assault in the Somme sector.
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